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| Online learning definitions (A - E) | Analog: A signal that is received in the same form in which it is transmitted, while the amplitude and frequency may vary.
Amplitude: The amount of variety in a signal. Commonly thought of as the height of a wave. American Standard Code for Information Interexchange (ASCII): A computer language used to convert letters, numbers, and control codes into a digital code understood by most computers.
Asynchronous: Instruction not occurring in real time; not simultaneous.
Asynchronous Transmission Mode (ATM): A method of sending data in irregular time intervals using a code such as ASCII. ATM allows most modern computers to communicate with one another easily.
Audio Bridge: A device used in audioconferencing that connects multiple telephone lines. Audioconferencing: Voice only connection of more than two sites using standard telephone lines.
Backbone: A primary communication path connecting multiple users.
Band: A range of frequencies between defined upper and lower limits.
Bandwidth: Information carrying capacity of a communication channel.
Binary: A computer language developed with only two letters in its alphabet.
Bit: Abbreviation for a single binary digit.
Byte: A single computer word, generally eight bits.
Browser: Software that allows you to find and see information on the Internet.
Central Processing Unit (CPU): The component of a computer in which data processing takes place.
Channel: The smallest subdivision of a circuit, usually with a path in only one direction.
Codec (COder/DECoder): Device used to convert analog signals to digital signals for transmission and reconvert signals upon reception at the remote site while allowing for the signal to be compressed for less expensive transmission.
Compressed Video: When video signals are downsized to allow travel along a smaller carrier.
Compression: Reducing the amount of visual information sent in a signal by only transmitting changes in action.
Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI): Teaching process in which a computer is utilized to enhance the learning environment by assisting students in gaining mastery over a specific skill.
CBT (computer-based training): An umbrella term for the use of computers in both instruction and management of the teaching and learning process. CAI (computer-assisted instruction) and CMI (computer-managed instruction) are included under the heading of CBT. Some people use the terms CBT and CAI interchangeably.
Cyberspace: The nebulous “place” where humans interact over computer networks. Coined by William Gibson in Neuromancer.
Desktop Videoconferencing: Videoconferencing on a personal computer.
Dial-Up Teleconference: Using public telephone lines for communications links among various locations.
Digital: An electrical signal that varies in discrete steps in voltage, frequency, amplitude, locations, etc.. Digital signals can be transmitted faster and more accurately than analog signals.
Digital Video Interactive (DVI): A format for recording digital video onto compact disc allowing for compression and full motion video.
Distance Education: The process of providing instruction when students and instructors are separated by physical distance and technology, often in tandem with face-to-face communication, is used to bridge the gap.
Distance Education Credit: Granting education or training courses delivered to remote (off-campus) location(s) via audio, video, or computer technologies, such as the Internet. Includes both synchronous and asynchronous instruction. May include a small amount of on-campus course or lab work, on-campus exams, or occasional campus visits.
Courses conducted exclusively on-campus are not included in this definition. Courses conducted exclusively via written correspondence are also not included. Distance education does not include courses for which the instructor travels to a remote site to deliver instruction in person. Online Education Credit-granting courses or education training delivered primarily via the Internet to students at remote locations, including their homes. Online courses may be delivered synchronously or asynchronously. An online course may include a requirement that students and teachers meet once or periodically in a physical setting for lectures, labs, or exams, so long as the time spent in the physical setting does not exceed 25 percent of the total course time. Residency requirement Amount of time required on campus for a specific distance education course or program.
Distance Learning: The desired outcome of distance education.
Download: Using the network to transfer files from one computer to another.
Echo Cancellation: The process of eliminating the acoustic echo in a videoconferencing room.
Electronic Mail (E-mail): Sending messages from one computer user to another.
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